This NASA Hubble Space Telescope image shows one of the most complex
planetary nebulae ever seen, NGC 6543, nicknamed the "Cat's Eye Nebula."
Hubble reveals surprisingly intricate structures including concentric
gas shells, jets of high-speed gas and unusual shock-induced knots of
gas. Estimated to be 1,000 years old, the nebula is a visual "fossil
record" of the dynamics and late evolution of a dying star. A
preliminary interpretation suggests that the star might be a double-star
system. The suspected companion star also might be responsible for a
pair of high-speed jets of gas that lie at right angles to this
equatorial ring. If the companion were pulling in material from a
neighboring star, jets escaping along the companion's rotation axis
could be produced. These jets would explain several puzzling features
along the periphery of the gas lobes. Like a stream of water hitting a
sand pile, the jets compress gas ahead of them, creating the "curlicue"
features and bright arcs near the outer edge of the lobes. The twin jets
are now pointing in different directions than these features. This
suggests the jets are wobbling, or precessing, and turning on and off
episodically. This color picture, taken with the Wide Field Planetary
Camera-2, is a composite of three images taken at different wavelengths.
(red, hydrogen-alpha; blue, neutral oxygen, 6300 angstroms; green,
ionized nitrogen, 6584 angstroms). The image was taken on September 18,
1994. NGC 6543 is 3,000 light- years away in the northern constellation
Draco. The term planetary nebula is a misnomer; dying stars create these
cocoons when they lose outer layers of gas. The process has nothing to
do with planet formation, which is predicted to happen early in a star's
life.
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